The Political Bureau (Politburo) of the Central Committee Communist Party of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Bộ Chính trị Ban Chấp hành Trung ương Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam), formerly the Standing Committee of the Central Committee from 1930 to 1951, is the highest body of the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) between Central Committee meetings, which are held at least twice a year. According to Party rules, the Politburo directs the general orientation of the government and enacts policies which have been approved by either the National Party Congress or the Central Committee.

The members of the Politburo are elected (and given a ranking) by the Central Committee in the immediate aftermath of a National Party Congress. The current Politburo, the 12th, was elected by the Central Committee in the aftermath of the 12th National Congress and consists of 19 members. The first-ranked member is General Secretary of the Central Committee.